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1. What is Earth's circumference? a. 42,900.3 miles b. 24,901.5 miles c. 93,850.1 miles d. 10,525.5 miles

2. In what year did the first Earth Day take place? a. 1965 b. 1970 c. 1975 d. 1999

3. When was the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency created? a. 1930 b. 1950 c. 1970 d. 1990

4. Which former U.S. senator is noted as the founder of Earth Day? a. Gaylord Nelson B. George Mahoney C. Frank Church D. John Culver

5. What is the highest point on Earth? a. Mount Mitchell b. Mount Olympus c. Mount Everest d. Mount Kilimanjaro

6. The energy saved from recycling one glass bottle can run a 100-watt light bulb for about how many hours? a. Two b. Four c. Six d. Eight

7. At the equator, what is the distance from Earth's surface to its center? a. 1,175 miles b. 2,371 miles c. 3,963 miles d. 4,890 miles

8. In January 2007, the California refund value paid to consumers when they recycle containers at recycling centers increased to 5 cents for each beverage container less than 24 ounces. What is the CRV for containers 24 ounces or greater? a. 5 cents b. 7 cents c. 10 cents d. 12 cents

9. Where was the hottest temperature recorded on Earth? a. El Azizia, Libya b. Death Valley c. Oodnadatta, South Australia d. Sahara desert, Africa

10. Scientists discovered a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica in what year? a. 1985 b. 1990 c. 1995 d. 1998

11. In 2007, enough paper was recovered for recycling to fill approximately how many Empire State Buildings? a. 30 b. 55 c. 90 d. 100

12. When was the first polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle recycled? a. 1971 b. 1977 c. 1985 d. 1992

13. How many people took to the streets on the first Earth Day? a. 200 b. 20,000 c. 2 million d. 20 million

14. What is the most recycled beverage container in the United States? a. Plastic b. Aluminum c. Glass d. Paper

15. How old is Earth? a. About 4.5 billion years b. About 9 billion years c. About 10.5 billion years d. About 25 billion years

16. On average, how much water is used worldwide each day? a. About 100 million gallons b. About 900 million gallons c. About 400 billion gallons d. About 950 billion gallons

17. The U.S. is the No. 1 trashproducing country in the world. What is the average pounds of trash the U.S. produces per person per year? a. 1,609 b. 2,450 c. 3,890 d. 4,125

18. What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by ocean? a. 10 percent b. 30 percent c. 50 percent d. 70 percent

19. Tropical rain forests cover only about what percentage of Earth's surface? a. 1 percent b. 6 percent c. 16 percent d. 25 percent

20. According to the California Department of Conservation, all newly purchased glass food jars contain at least what percentage of recycled glass? a. 35 percent b. 45 percent c. 55 percent d. 65 percent

21. What is the name of the flower with the world's largest bloom - measuring 3 feet across and weighing up to 15 pounds - and found in the rain forests of Indonesia? a. Sunflower b. Corpse flower c. Amorphophallus d. Rafflesia arnoldii

22. What percentage of Earth's surface is used to grow food? a. 3 percent b. 9 percent c. 11 percent d. 18 percent

23. At the equator, what is Earth's diameter? a. Nearly 4,500 miles b. Nearly 8,000 miles c. Nearly 12,300 miles d. Nearly 13,800 miles

24. What term is used to describe the warming of Earth's surface and lower atmosphere caused by trapped solar radiation? a. Diffusion b. Thermal reduction c. Greenhouse effect d. Global warming

25. The Battery Act, which phased out the use of mercury-containing batteries, provided for the efficient and cost-effective collection and recycling of batteries and implemented a national, uniform system for labeling batteries, was passed in what year? a. 1996 b. 1998 c. 2000 d. 2002

26. Which of the following is a renewable resource? a. Oil b. Iron ore c. Trees d. Coal

27. Which of the following household materials is considered hazardous waste? a. Plastic packaging b. Glass c. Batteries d. Spoiled food

28. What is the largest source of carbon monoxide in the United States? a. Factories b. Motor vehicles c. Airplanes d. Gas lawn mowers

29. On average, what percentage of household water is used outdoors for watering lawns and gardens? a. 10 to 30 percent b. 30 to 50 percent c. 50 to 70 percent d. 70 to 90 percent

30. Which of the following accounts for the greatest percentage of a typical home energy bill? a. Heating and cooling b. Washer and dryer c. Computer and monitor d. Refrigerator

31. Which of the following accounts for the greatest percentage of total waste in the United States? a. Yard trimmings b. Paper c. Plastics d. Glass

32. For about how long can a person live without water? a. Two days b. Four days c. One week d. Two weeks

33. Which one of the following was not a result of the first Earth Day demonstrations? a. Endangered Species Act b. Clean Water Act c. Clean Air Act d. National Wash-Your-Car Day

34. Which of the following is the greatest danger facing most endangered species? a. Habitat loss b. Disease c. Hunting d. Capture for pet trade

35. What environmental problem is the result of chemical reactions in the atmosphere that involve sulfur? a. Smog b. Acid rain c. Deforestation d. Holes in the ozone layer

36. Ecology comes from two Greek words. What is their meaning? a. Natural life b. Study of the world c. Study of the house d. Nature study

37. If the observed climate changes continue unabated, which one of the following mountains will lose its ice cap in a few years? a. Mount Everest b. Mount Kilimanjaro c. Mount McKinley d. Mount Erebus

38. What Mexican city is considered to be the world's worst for air pollution? a. Tijuana b. Acapulco c. Guadalajara d. Mexico City

39. What is a type of smog that forms in large cities when chemical reactions take place in the presence of sunlight called? a. Chemvis pollution b. Smoglight c. Rainbow pollution d. Photochemical smog

40. What was the name of the oil tanker that created a major oil problem for Alaska? a. Liberty Light b. Persian Sea c. Exxon Valdez d. BP Petrol

41. Over the past three decades alone, about how many square miles of the world's tropical rain forests have been cleared? a. 1 million b. 2.8 million c. 4.3 million d. 5 million

42. Earth has how many natural satellites? a. One b. Two c. None d. Four

43. What type of planet is Earth? a. Gas giant b. Terrestrial c. Jovian d. Asteroid

44. Which of the following takes the longest time to break down or disintegrate? a. Disposable diaper b. Plastic milk jug c. Aluminum can d. Plastic six-pack holder

45. What substance is released into the atmosphere when solid waste, fossil fuels and wood products are burned? a. Hydrogen peroxide b. Sodium chloride c. Carbon dioxide d. Calcium sulfate

46. Which of the following is not listed as an endangered species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act? a. Bald eagle b. Blue whale c. Cheetah d. Hawaiian monk seal

47. Which of the following is not a renewable resource? a. Timber b. Wild mushrooms c. Fish d. Gold

48. Which of the following practices produces the most organic water pollution? a. Recreational boating b. Humans bathing in water c. Paper mills d. Intensive livestock farming

49. What harmful product does the ozone layer filter? a. Ultraviolet light b. Sewage c. Acid rain d. Greenhouse effect

50. What is the main source of water pollution in nonindustrialized nations? a. Carbon dioxide b. Pesticides c. Industrial chemicals d. Untreated sewage

51. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty that sets concrete targets for developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, was signed by more than 130 countries. Which of the following did not ratify it? a. France b. Japan c. United States d. Russian Federation

52. What was the giant landmass called that existed some 200 million years ago and was separated by plate tectonics? a. Giant Landmass b. Triassic c. Cambrian d. Pangea

53. Approximately how many sheets of 100 percent virgin copy paper can be made from one tree that is roughly 40 feet tall and 6 to 8 inches in diameter? a. 2,000 sheets b. 8,000 sheets c. 20,000 sheets d. 50,000 sheets

54. Which of the following substances is not biodegradable? a. Paper b. Food refuse c. Styrofoam d. Sawdust

55. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, about what percentage of the country's lakes, estuaries and rivers are too polluted for uses such as fishing or swimming during all or part of the year? a. 7 percent b. 15 percent c. 22 to 23 percent d. 36 to 37 percent

56. In kilometers, what is Earth's average distance from the sun? a. 93,000,000 b. 149,597,000 c. 9,300,000 d. 1,495,970,000

57. Earth's atmosphere consists mostly of? a. Carbon dioxide and argon b. Oxygen and hydrogen c. Hydrogen and helium d. Oxygen and nitrogen

58. What is the largest known impact crater on Earth? a. Vredefort Ring b. Clearwater Lakes crater c. Barringer Crater d. Caloris basin

59. What is the deepest depression on Earth's surface? a. Puerto Rico trench b. Eurasia basin c. Java trench d. Marianas trench

60. Which of the following words describes the part of Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms can exist? a. Biosphere b. Atmosphere c. Biodome d. Stratosphere

61. Who was the first president of the Sierra Club? a. Ansel Adams b. John Marshall c. John Muir d. Jane Goodall

62. Which president signed into law the National Environmental Policy Act? a. Teddy Roosevelt b. Richard Nixon c. John F. Kennedy d. Bill Clinton

63. Who is known as the "Grandmother of the conservation movement?" a. Mardy Murie b. Julia Butterfly c. Jane Goodall d. Rachel Carson

64. President Johnson signed the Wilderness Act in what year? a. 1959 b. 1961 c. 1964 d. 1969

65. Who wrote the book "Silent Spring," which warned about the dangers of some pesticides and as a result led to the removal of DDT from the marketplace? a. Jane Goodall b. Rachel Carson c. Erin Brockovich d. Julia Butterfly

66. Sunlight or solar energy can be used for which of the following? a. Heating and lighting b. Generating electricity c. Heating water d. All of the above

67. Which of the following is a fossil fuel? a. Coal b. Oil c. Natural gas d. All of the above

68. What is energy called that is produced by water flow? a. Solar b. Hydropower c. Nuclear d. Hyperpower

69. What is summer smog also known as? a. Photochemical smog b. Lithohisterical smog c. Particulate smog d. Solstice smog

70. What sector of the United States economy consumes most of the nation's petroleum? a. Residential b. Commercial c. Industrial d. Transportation

71. Most of the energy we use originally came from where? a. The sun b. The air c. The soil d. The oceans

72. What percentage of the United States' garbage is taken to landfills? a. 18 percent b. 30 percent c. 55 percent d. 70 percent

73. Which of the following "R" words is one of the three "R's" used significantly when referring to the environment? a. Recoup b. Reuse c. Rework d. Remit

74. Earth was shaped into a sphere by what force? a. Magnetism b. Gravity c. Heat d. Wind

75. The time in spring and autumn when Earth has days and nights of equal length is called the what? a. Equinox b. Orbit c. Solstice d. Axis

76. In metric tons, how much does Earth increase in weight each year? a. 450 b. 4,500 c. 45,000 d. 450,000

77. What percentage of the world's population lives near a coast? a. 20 percent b. 40 percent c. 50 percent d. 80 percent

78. What is the name of the intense radiation zone that surrounds Earth? a. Sans-A-Belts b. Van Allen Radiation belts c. Red zones d. Gamma rays

79. Most of the world's water is salty. a. True b. False

80. Earth is headed toward what constellation? a. Argo b. Hercules c. Leo d. Orion

81. Earth's core is mostly composed of what element? a. Magnesium b. Oxygen c. Silicon d. Iron

82. How fast is Earth's speed in orbit? a. 10 miles per second b. 18 miles per second c. 21 miles per second d. 28 miles per second

83. Which wetland is found in the grasslands of central North America? a. Prairie potholes b. Vernal pools c. Soggy wheat fields d. Silty sedgeland

84. The first aluminum beverage can was manufactured by Reynolds Metal Co. in 1963. What was the name of the diet cola packaged in the new can? a. Diet Sprite b. Cola Thin c. Lemon-lime Less d. Slenderella

85. How many pounds of garbage does each person in the United States generate each day? a. Almost 2 b. Almost 3 c. Almost 4 d. Almost 5

86. On average, about how many pieces of junk mail does each person receive each year? a. More than 100 pieces b. More than 300 pieces c. More than 500 pieces d. More than 800 pieces

87. What is the most fuel-efficient car on U.S. roads? a. Toyota Prius b. Ford Escape c. Honda Accord d. Honda Civic

88. What is the definition of biodegradable? a. Able to reuse b. Capable of decomposing rapidly under natural conditions c. To break up into parts by chemical process d. To change from liquid to vapor

89. Which one of the following weather phenomena causes the most deaths? a. Hurricanes b. Hailstorms c. Lightning strikes d. Tornadoes

90. What is the hardest natural substance? a. Diamond b. Aluminum c. Quartz d. Granite

91. What is the layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth's surface called? a. Biosphere b. Mesosphere c. Troposphere d. Stratosphere

92. Which state has the longest coastline? a. California b. Louisiana c. Florida d. Alaska

93. The greenhouse effect is caused primarily by which of the following? a. Ozone-destroying aerosol sprays b. Water vapor c. Carbon monoxide d. Gas fumes

94. One-third of all household water usage comes from what activity? a. Showering b. Lawn watering c. Clothes washing d. Toilet flushing

95. What is one way to harness hydroelectric power? a. Wind turbines b. Dams c. Rooftop rainwater harvesters d. Underground pipes

96. When using solar energy, what do you call the thing that absorbs sunlight? a. A solar panel b. A solar collection bucket c. A sundial d. A solar harvester

97. What produces more oxygen than anything else? a. Dense rain forest vegetation b. Scuba tanks c. Microscopic ocean plants d. Dry ice factories

98. There is only one gas that causes the greenhouse effect? a. True b. False

99. Which of these is not a greenhouse gas? a. Carbon monoxide b. Water vapor c. Carbon dioxide d. Methane

100. Modesto's 19th annual Earth Day in the Park Festival is slated for today. At which Modesto park will the festival be held? a. Mellis Park b. Davis Community Park c. Graceada Park d. Tuolumne River Regional Park

ANSWERS

1. b 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. c 6. b 7. c 8. c 9. a 10. a 11. d 12. b 13. d 14. b 15. a 16. c 17. a 18. d 19. b 20. a 21. d 22. c 23. b 24. c 25. a 26. c 27. c 28. b 29. c 30. a 31. b 32. c 33. d 34. a 35. b 36. c 37. b 38. d 39. d 40. c 41. d 42. a 43. b 44. d 45. c 46. a 47. d 48. d 49. a 50. d 51. c 52. d 53. b 54. c 55. d 56. b 57. d 58. a 59. d 60. a 61. c 62. b 63. a 64. c 65. b 66. d 67. d 68. b 69. a 70. d 71. a 72. c 73. b 74. b 75. a 76. c 77. b 78. b 79. a 80. b 81. d 82. b 83. a 84. d 85. d 86. c 87. a 88. b 89. c 90. a 91. c 92. d 93. b 94. d 95. b 96. a 97. c 98. b 99. a 100. c

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